In the mid-1960s, rural india passed through a period of rapid technological and social change known as the green revolution. It was the transition from basically subsistence peasant farming at a low technological level to expendsive commercial farming with modern technology. five major sociotechnological innovations were basic to the green revolution: the development of high-yielding varieties of food grains, especially wheat and rice; land consolidation; private tubewell irrigation; mechanization and the use of factory fertilizers and pesticides